Retaining Wall
Retaining wall
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Basic layout of a retaining wall.

The job of a retaining wall is to stop an earth bank from moving, the retaining wall has to be constructed in such a way that prevents the earth from moving.
Retaining walls can be constructed of any masonary or rock material or durable timber.

Removing any water that may collect behind a retaining wall is a big priority, this is done to keep the wall stable, a slotted plastic drain pipe embedded in gravel along the back of the wall is ideal for the job and I would consider it to be an essential part of the construction.

The back of the wall should also be painted with a bituminous paint to repel any water from entering the wall.

If using Corefill Concrete Notch Blocks as in the diagram, starter bars set into the concrete foundation are needed, these stop the wall from tilting over and provide extra strength.

A steel bar is set into the notch in the top of the block at ever course.

When the wall has set sufficiently after a couple of days, the block cavity is filled with fine wet concrete and rammed in with a stick or rod to remove any air that is trapped.

Weep holes will also assist in removing any water that may become trapped behind the wall, if it is practicle to put them into the wall put them in, as well as the drain.
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Here is  retaining wall I did underneath someones house, it was to be a storeroom/office.